Question:
After a camera is created and camera Z direction is set using CameraLookAt function, then how do you set the direction of the X axis of the cameral relative to the World coordinate system? I want to make X parallel to a known vector but CameraLookAt does not take more than coordinates of the point that the camera is looking at. How do you do this?
Thanks
Camera Orientation
Re: Camera Orientation
i hope you mean camera direction !!, if this is the case then may be this talk useful since i know nothing about the Quaternions (look FetchOrientation.pb example).
the zero of the world coordinates (0,0,0) is inside the room in the example below, it is like the zero of longitudes in Greenwich city. the camera move outside the screen is positive, while toward the screen is negative ,.
the manual said the CameraDirection is The direction vector (usually values between -1.0 and 1.0)
in the example below we position the camera at (-10,0,10) (the end scene camera is just a grand watcher to what happened and not related to this talk):
then we get its direction:
we position a small sphere at the position of the camera (-10,0,10) as a flag
the vector here (vecX, vecY, vecZ) : its (practical) meaning is: it is the amount of x,y,z displacement the camera will move one unit in the space, look at the picture below, the big red point represent the (vecX, vecY, vecZ) displacement , if you uncommented line 64 Debug vecX:Debug vecY:Debug vecZ you will get 0.7071068, 0, -0.7071068, if the camera displaced by these values it will move one unit. the proof from the Pythagoras : 0.707^2 + 0.707^2 = 1 . the coordinates of the red point is (CameraX+vecX, CameraY+vecY, CameraZ+vecZ). in this way we are able to draw a line from the camera to that point. and to amplify the line we multiply the VecX, VecY, VecZ by 20
not that infinite number of lines can have the vector (vx,vy,vz) and all are looking toward the same direction but not the same point.
the zero of the world coordinates (0,0,0) is inside the room in the example below, it is like the zero of longitudes in Greenwich city. the camera move outside the screen is positive, while toward the screen is negative ,.
the manual said the CameraDirection is The direction vector (usually values between -1.0 and 1.0)
in the example below we position the camera at (-10,0,10) (the end scene camera is just a grand watcher to what happened and not related to this talk):
Code: Select all
MoveCamera(0,-10,0,10,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)Code: Select all
vecX.f=CameraDirectionX(0)
vecY.f=CameraDirectionY(0)
vecZ.f=CameraDirectionZ(0)the vector here (vecX, vecY, vecZ) : its (practical) meaning is: it is the amount of x,y,z displacement the camera will move one unit in the space, look at the picture below, the big red point represent the (vecX, vecY, vecZ) displacement , if you uncommented line 64 Debug vecX:Debug vecY:Debug vecZ you will get 0.7071068, 0, -0.7071068, if the camera displaced by these values it will move one unit. the proof from the Pythagoras : 0.707^2 + 0.707^2 = 1 . the coordinates of the red point is (CameraX+vecX, CameraY+vecY, CameraZ+vecZ). in this way we are able to draw a line from the camera to that point. and to amplify the line we multiply the VecX, VecY, VecZ by 20
not that infinite number of lines can have the vector (vx,vy,vz) and all are looking toward the same direction but not the same point.
Code: Select all
Macro Text3D(No, Texte, Color, Alignment)
CreateText3D(No, Texte)
Text3DColor(No, Color)
Text3DAlignment(No, Alignment)
EndMacro
Declare Room()
Declare CreateMatrix()
Declare DrawCoordinates()
Global.s text
#CameraSpeed = 1
Enumeration
#mesh
#entity
#tex
#light
#camera
#wait
EndEnumeration
ScreenX = GetSystemMetrics_(#SM_CXSCREEN)
ScreenY = GetSystemMetrics_(#SM_CYSCREEN)
InitEngine3D()
InitSprite()
InitKeyboard()
InitMouse()
;OpenWindow(0,0,0,ScreenX,ScreenY,"3D Camera research",#PB_Window_BorderLess|#PB_Window_ScreenCentered)
OpenWindow(0,0,0,ScreenX,ScreenY,"3D Camera research, .... change camera view using keys 1/2")
OpenWindowedScreen(WindowID(0),0,0,ScreenX,ScreenY,1,0,0,#PB_Screen_WaitSynchronization)
Add3DArchive(".", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/Textures", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/fonts", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/Scripts", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Parse3DScripts()
KeyboardMode(#PB_Keyboard_AllowSystemKeys)
CreateMaterial(100, LoadTexture(100, "Wood.jpg"))
Room() ; call the room building
;Create Light
CreateLight(0,RGB(245,245,205),19,13,0)
;Create Camera
CreateCamera(0,0,0,100,100)
MoveCamera(0,-10,0,10,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
vecX.f=CameraDirectionX(0)
vecY.f=CameraDirectionY(0)
vecZ.f=CameraDirectionZ(0)
;Debug vecX:Debug vecY:Debug vecZ
CreateSphere(2000,0.5); move the sphere to the camera position (-10,0,10)
CreateEntity(2000, MeshID(2000), MaterialID(100) , -10,0,10)
;draw a line from the camera position to the vector*20
CreateLine3D(200, -10,0,10, RGB(0,255,0), -10+vecX*20, 0+vecY*20, 10+vecZ*20, RGB(0,255,0))
AmbientColor(RGB(255,255,255))
CreateMaterial(#tex, LoadTexture(#tex, "geebee2.bmp"))
MaterialCullingMode(#tex, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateMatrix()
temp=1
DrawCoordinates() ; draw X,Y,Z lines
MoveCamera(0,-10,11,53,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
Repeat
WindowEvent()
If ExamineMouse()
MouseX = -MouseDeltaX() * #CameraSpeed * 0.2
MouseY = -MouseDeltaY() * #CameraSpeed * 0.2
EndIf
ShowCursor_(0)
; Use arrow keys and mouse to rotate and fly in/out
ExamineKeyboard()
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Left)
KeyX.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Right)
KeyX.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyX.f = 0
EndIf
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Up)
KeyY.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Down)
KeyY.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyY.f = 0
EndIf
If KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_Space) ;press key to toggle the rotation of the object
temp ! 1
EndIf
If KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_H) ;press H to toggle Hide / UnHide of the room
HideFlag ! 1
For i=100 To 104
HideEntity(i, HideFlag)
Next
EndIf
If KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_1);change camera view from the top of the room
MoveCamera(0, 0, 60, 0.000001,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
ElseIf KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_2) ;;change camera view as usual
MoveCamera(0,-10,11,53,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
EndIf
roty - temp : ;roty-temp: roty-temp
RotateEntity(#entity, rotx+0, roty/2+0, rotz+90,#PB_Absolute)
RotateCamera(0, MouseY, MouseX, 0, #PB_Relative)
MoveCamera (0, KeyX, 0, KeyY)
RenderWorld()
FlipBuffers()
Until KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Escape) Or WindowEvent() = #PB_Event_CloseWindow
;main drawing routine
Procedure DrawMatrix()
Protected.f a, b, x, y, z, t
Protected n.l
a.f = 0.2 :b.f=0.8 : n=20: t.f
While t <= 2*#PI
;parametric equations for the Toroidal spiral
x=(a*Sin(n*t)+b)*Cos(t)
y=(a*Sin(n*t)+b)*Sin(t)
z=a*Cos(n*t)
MeshVertexPosition(x, y, z)
MeshVertexColor(RGB(0,255,0))
t + 0.01
Wend
;************************************************************
EndProcedure
Procedure CreateMatrix()
CreateMesh(0, #PB_Mesh_LineStrip, #PB_Mesh_Static) ; #PB_Mesh_LineStrip to joint the points with lines
;CreateMesh(0, #PB_Mesh_PointList, #PB_Mesh_Static) ; to draw just points
DrawMatrix()
FinishMesh(#True)
SetMeshMaterial(0, MaterialID(#tex))
CreateEntity(#entity, MeshID(0), MaterialID(#tex),0,-4,0)
ScaleEntity(#entity,4,4,4)
EndProcedure
Procedure Room()
;Create Red Wall
CreateTexture(1,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(1))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(205,0,0))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(1,TextureID(1))
MaterialCullingMode(1, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(100,1)
CreateEntity(100,MeshID(100),MaterialID(1),-19,0,0)
ScaleEntity(100,1,33,32)
;Create Green Wall
CreateTexture(2,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(2))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(0,205,0))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(2,TextureID(2))
MaterialCullingMode(2, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(101,1)
CreateEntity(101,MeshID(101),MaterialID(2),19,0,0)
ScaleEntity(101,1,33,32)
;Create Back Wall
CreateTexture(3,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(3))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(250,250,250))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(3,TextureID(3))
MaterialCullingMode(3, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(102,1)
CreateEntity(102,MeshID(102),MaterialID(3),0,0,-16)
ScaleEntity(102,36.5,32,1)
;Create Floor
CreateTexture(5,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(5))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(250,250,200))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(5,TextureID(5))
MaterialCullingMode(5, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(104,1)
CreateEntity(104,MeshID(104),MaterialID(5),0,-16,0)
ScaleEntity(104,36.5,1,32)
EndProcedure
Procedure DrawCoordinates()
CreateLine3D(100, -100, 0, 0, RGB(0,255,0), 100, 0, 0, RGB(0,255,0))
CreateLine3D(101, 0, -100, 0, RGB(0,0,255), 0, 100, 0, RGB(0,0,255))
CreateLine3D(102, 0, 0, 100, RGB(255,0,0), 0, 0, -100, RGB(255,0,0))
Text3D(100, "X", RGBA(255, 20, 250, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(100, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(100, 17, 0, 0)
Text3D(101, "Y", RGBA(0, 255, 255, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(101, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(101, 0, 15, 0)
Text3D(102, "Z", RGBA(255, 0, 0, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(102, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(102, 0, 0, 60)
EndProcedure
Re: Camera Orientation
Thanks ApplePi,
I tried your code, compiler could not find line 26 function, GetSystemMetrics().
I see that PueBasic help for CameraDirectionX() says:
Return value
Returns the 'x' direction vector of the camera. This value is always between -1.0 and 1.0.
However a vector cannot be specified by a number, which is just a scaler. A vector must be defined by its 3 components. I think PureBasic help needs to fill the missing information for vector definition.
Am I missing something? Any comment?
I tried your code, compiler could not find line 26 function, GetSystemMetrics().
I see that PueBasic help for CameraDirectionX() says:
Return value
Returns the 'x' direction vector of the camera. This value is always between -1.0 and 1.0.
However a vector cannot be specified by a number, which is just a scaler. A vector must be defined by its 3 components. I think PureBasic help needs to fill the missing information for vector definition.
Am I missing something? Any comment?
Re: Camera Orientation
Hi S.T, i think it is an API function since there is an underscore as its suffix, usually i use previously available code from other users and relics from their code still there, and also using api functions will not run on linux. sorry for that, the code corrected.
in concise as i said the vector defined here from the point of view of how to plot it in practice and not as it is described in math books but it is the essence of what is said in math books which are abstract. so when we say the vector (vx, vy, vz) it means the displacement needed in x,y,z directions to move any point one unit only to the target point labeled as (vx, vy, vz)
i think in purebasic and may be other programming languages are using the practical way to deal with vectors , and my approach described above are trying to decipher the subject and it seems to me successfull, as an example my approach to normals and tangents http://purebasic.fr/english/viewtopic.php?f=36&t=62257 was successful to position the spikes over sphere, and over a knot surface perpendicularly using my deciphering of the normals vector.However a vector cannot be specified by a number, which is just a scaler. A vector must be defined by its 3 components.
in concise as i said the vector defined here from the point of view of how to plot it in practice and not as it is described in math books but it is the essence of what is said in math books which are abstract. so when we say the vector (vx, vy, vz) it means the displacement needed in x,y,z directions to move any point one unit only to the target point labeled as (vx, vy, vz)
Code: Select all
Macro Text3D(No, Texte, Color, Alignment)
CreateText3D(No, Texte)
Text3DColor(No, Color)
Text3DAlignment(No, Alignment)
EndMacro
Declare Room()
Declare CreateMatrix()
Declare DrawCoordinates()
Global.s text
#CameraSpeed = 1
Enumeration
#mesh
#entity
#tex
#light
#camera
#wait
EndEnumeration
;ScreenX = GetSystemMetrics_(#SM_CXSCREEN)
;ScreenY = GetSystemMetrics_(#SM_CYSCREEN)
InitEngine3D()
InitSprite()
InitKeyboard()
InitMouse()
;OpenWindow(0,0,0,ScreenX,ScreenY,"3D Camera research",#PB_Window_BorderLess|#PB_Window_ScreenCentered)
;OpenWindow(0,0,0,ScreenX,ScreenY,"3D Camera research, .... change camera view using keys 1/2")
;OpenWindowedScreen(WindowID(0),0,0,ScreenX,ScreenY,1,0,0,#PB_Screen_WaitSynchronization)
ExamineDesktops()
OpenWindow(0, 0, 0, DesktopWidth(0), DesktopHeight(0), "3D Camera research, .... change camera view using keys 1/2")
OpenWindowedScreen(WindowID(0), 0, 0, DesktopWidth(0), DesktopHeight(0), 0, 0, 0, #PB_Screen_SmartSynchronization)
Add3DArchive(".", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/Textures", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/fonts", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/Scripts", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Parse3DScripts()
KeyboardMode(#PB_Keyboard_AllowSystemKeys)
CreateMaterial(100, LoadTexture(100, "Wood.jpg"))
Room() ; call the room building
;Create Light
CreateLight(0,RGB(245,245,205),19,13,0)
;Create Camera
CreateCamera(0,0,0,100,100)
MoveCamera(0,-10,0,10,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
vecX.f=CameraDirectionX(0)
vecY.f=CameraDirectionY(0)
vecZ.f=CameraDirectionZ(0)
;Debug vecX:Debug vecY:Debug vecZ
CreateSphere(2000,0.5); move the sphere to the camera position (-10,0,10)
CreateEntity(2000, MeshID(2000), MaterialID(100) , -10,0,10)
;draw a line from the camera position to the vector*20
CreateLine3D(200, -10,0,10, RGB(0,255,0), -10+vecX*20, 0+vecY*20, 10+vecZ*20, RGB(0,255,0))
AmbientColor(RGB(255,255,255))
CreateMaterial(#tex, LoadTexture(#tex, "geebee2.bmp"))
MaterialCullingMode(#tex, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateMatrix()
temp=1
DrawCoordinates() ; draw X,Y,Z lines
MoveCamera(0,-10,11,53,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
Repeat
WindowEvent()
If ExamineMouse()
MouseX = -MouseDeltaX() * #CameraSpeed * 0.2
MouseY = -MouseDeltaY() * #CameraSpeed * 0.2
EndIf
ShowCursor_(0)
; Use arrow keys and mouse to rotate and fly in/out
ExamineKeyboard()
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Left)
KeyX.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Right)
KeyX.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyX.f = 0
EndIf
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Up)
KeyY.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Down)
KeyY.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyY.f = 0
EndIf
If KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_Space) ;press key to toggle the rotation of the object
temp ! 1
EndIf
If KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_H) ;press H to toggle Hide / UnHide of the room
HideFlag ! 1
For i=100 To 104
HideEntity(i, HideFlag)
Next
EndIf
If KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_1);change camera view from the top of the room
MoveCamera(0, 0, 60, 0.000001,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
ElseIf KeyboardReleased(#PB_Key_2) ;;change camera view as usual
MoveCamera(0,-10,11,53,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(0, 0, 0, 0)
EndIf
roty - temp : ;roty-temp: roty-temp
RotateEntity(#entity, rotx+0, roty/2+0, rotz+90,#PB_Absolute)
RotateCamera(0, MouseY, MouseX, 0, #PB_Relative)
MoveCamera (0, KeyX, 0, KeyY)
RenderWorld()
FlipBuffers()
Until KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Escape) Or WindowEvent() = #PB_Event_CloseWindow
;main drawing routine
Procedure DrawMatrix()
Protected.f a, b, x, y, z, t
Protected n.l
a.f = 0.2 :b.f=0.8 : n=20: t.f
While t <= 2*#PI
;parametric equations for the Toroidal spiral
x=(a*Sin(n*t)+b)*Cos(t)
y=(a*Sin(n*t)+b)*Sin(t)
z=a*Cos(n*t)
MeshVertexPosition(x, y, z)
MeshVertexColor(RGB(0,255,0))
t + 0.01
Wend
;************************************************************
EndProcedure
Procedure CreateMatrix()
CreateMesh(0, #PB_Mesh_LineStrip, #PB_Mesh_Static) ; #PB_Mesh_LineStrip to joint the points with lines
;CreateMesh(0, #PB_Mesh_PointList, #PB_Mesh_Static) ; to draw just points
DrawMatrix()
FinishMesh(#True)
SetMeshMaterial(0, MaterialID(#tex))
CreateEntity(#entity, MeshID(0), MaterialID(#tex),0,-4,0)
ScaleEntity(#entity,4,4,4)
EndProcedure
Procedure Room()
;Create Red Wall
CreateTexture(1,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(1))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(205,0,0))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(1,TextureID(1))
MaterialCullingMode(1, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(100,1)
CreateEntity(100,MeshID(100),MaterialID(1),-19,0,0)
ScaleEntity(100,1,33,32)
;Create Green Wall
CreateTexture(2,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(2))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(0,205,0))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(2,TextureID(2))
MaterialCullingMode(2, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(101,1)
CreateEntity(101,MeshID(101),MaterialID(2),19,0,0)
ScaleEntity(101,1,33,32)
;Create Back Wall
CreateTexture(3,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(3))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(250,250,250))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(3,TextureID(3))
MaterialCullingMode(3, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(102,1)
CreateEntity(102,MeshID(102),MaterialID(3),0,0,-16)
ScaleEntity(102,36.5,32,1)
;Create Floor
CreateTexture(5,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(5))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(250,250,200))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(5,TextureID(5))
MaterialCullingMode(5, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(104,1)
CreateEntity(104,MeshID(104),MaterialID(5),0,-16,0)
ScaleEntity(104,36.5,1,32)
EndProcedure
Procedure DrawCoordinates()
CreateLine3D(100, -100, 0, 0, RGB(0,255,0), 100, 0, 0, RGB(0,255,0))
CreateLine3D(101, 0, -100, 0, RGB(0,0,255), 0, 100, 0, RGB(0,0,255))
CreateLine3D(102, 0, 0, 100, RGB(255,0,0), 0, 0, -100, RGB(255,0,0))
Text3D(100, "X", RGBA(255, 20, 250, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(100, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(100, 17, 0, 0)
Text3D(101, "Y", RGBA(0, 255, 255, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(101, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(101, 0, 15, 0)
Text3D(102, "Z", RGBA(255, 0, 0, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(102, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(102, 0, 0, 60)
EndProcedureRe: Camera Orientation
Thanks applePi,
I could see the result of your code in Windows, it was nice. I understand how you use mouse movement to rotate the camera. This works for cases that you don't need to know exact orientation of the camera. User can play with mouse and look at the scene. However it is part of capabilities of 3D programming to be able to control not only position but also orientation of the camera. I requested this to be added in the documentation also a function that allows to set the orientation. Rotation about 3 main axes is not very practical as predicting the result is difficult. You want a control like when you take a real camera, you can look at the subject and if needed rotate the camera with respect to your eyes! Let us expect more!
Thanks
I could see the result of your code in Windows, it was nice. I understand how you use mouse movement to rotate the camera. This works for cases that you don't need to know exact orientation of the camera. User can play with mouse and look at the scene. However it is part of capabilities of 3D programming to be able to control not only position but also orientation of the camera. I requested this to be added in the documentation also a function that allows to set the orientation. Rotation about 3 main axes is not very practical as predicting the result is difficult. You want a control like when you take a real camera, you can look at the subject and if needed rotate the camera with respect to your eyes! Let us expect more!
Thanks
Re: Camera Orientation
I do not see any action or response to my request for fixing the error that I mentioned here. I need to position a camera at a precise location and that is possible in concept in 3D programming. Yes, I mentioned the example posted was "nice" but that still cannot position a camera correctly and with control. That style does not eliminate the need for the suggested corrections.
-
mpz
- Enthusiast
- Posts: 497
- Joined: Sat Oct 11, 2008 9:07 pm
- Location: Germany, Berlin > member German forum
Re: Camera Orientation
Hi S.T.,
i think the problem is nobody understand what you want. I hope i understand it an can explain what you must do. You have a 3d world with x,y and z coords. In this world the coords are fixed. It is not possible to "move a vector" to the x direction of a world or "camera". What you can make is to calculate the 2d vector in a 3d room. Then you can move an turn the camera in the direction of the vector.
First step find 2 x 3D points of the vector. Then you have the camera point and the lookat camera point. You can turn the z - axis of the camera if you need. For the movement along the vector you need to calculate the angles of the camera. You see 3d is only mathematic
The next step it the movement of the camera, and this show you the code of applePi.
Ho to calculate a vector in the 3d room shows you the following side:
http://www.intmath.com/vectors/7-vector ... -space.php
A 3d engine can help you with the movement , but the mathematic is important for special cases...
Greetings Michael
i think the problem is nobody understand what you want. I hope i understand it an can explain what you must do. You have a 3d world with x,y and z coords. In this world the coords are fixed. It is not possible to "move a vector" to the x direction of a world or "camera". What you can make is to calculate the 2d vector in a 3d room. Then you can move an turn the camera in the direction of the vector.
First step find 2 x 3D points of the vector. Then you have the camera point and the lookat camera point. You can turn the z - axis of the camera if you need. For the movement along the vector you need to calculate the angles of the camera. You see 3d is only mathematic
The next step it the movement of the camera, and this show you the code of applePi. Ho to calculate a vector in the 3d room shows you the following side:
http://www.intmath.com/vectors/7-vector ... -space.php
A 3d engine can help you with the movement , but the mathematic is important for special cases...
Greetings Michael
Working on - MP3D Library - PB 5.73 version ready for download
Re: Camera Orientation
Hi Michael,
3D visualization is all about working with different coordinate systems. You have a World coordinate system and you place other entities in this World using the local coordinate system of that entity. Camera is one entity and its orientation must be defined with respect to the World. There must be commands capable of fully defining a local coordinate system in the World. There is no non-mathematical way. Any correct way is based on vector analysis. What I was saying is that I did not find enough commands in PureBasic to define all three components of the local coordinate system of a camera and the ones that appear to be intended for this purpose are not defined correctly.
CameraDirectionX(0) is a vector not a number, how it is defined with just one value? A vector has a direction in space. How can you define the direction of the X axis of a camera with just one number? These are basic flaws that should be fixed.
Thanks for spending time and sending me your thoughts.
3D visualization is all about working with different coordinate systems. You have a World coordinate system and you place other entities in this World using the local coordinate system of that entity. Camera is one entity and its orientation must be defined with respect to the World. There must be commands capable of fully defining a local coordinate system in the World. There is no non-mathematical way. Any correct way is based on vector analysis. What I was saying is that I did not find enough commands in PureBasic to define all three components of the local coordinate system of a camera and the ones that appear to be intended for this purpose are not defined correctly.
CameraDirectionX(0) is a vector not a number, how it is defined with just one value? A vector has a direction in space. How can you define the direction of the X axis of a camera with just one number? These are basic flaws that should be fixed.
Thanks for spending time and sending me your thoughts.
Re: Camera Orientation
Well, I haven't used any CameraDirection commands in a while, but the only thing it should be returning is a normalized value between -1 and 1. Anything else would be wrong in my opinion.S.T. wrote: CameraDirectionX(0) is a vector not a number, how it is defined with just one value? A vector has a direction in space. How can you define the direction of the X axis of a camera with just one number? These are basic flaws that should be fixed.
For example let's say you got the directions and stored them in a couple of variables.
Like so.
CamDirX = CameraDirectionX(#Camera)
CamDirY = CameraDirectionY(#Camera)
CamDirZ = CameraDirectionZ(#Camera)
Now let's say those three values equaled the following.
CamDirX = 0
CamDirY = -0.707
CamDirZ = 0.707
There ya go it's reporting that our camera is looking downwards on a 45 degree slope on the Y and Z axis.
With that said pretty much all 3D engines have these four basic camera controls. With these commands you should be able to move your camera anywhere in 3D space and have it look down any direction.
MoveCamera which allows you to change the camera's position.
CameraDirection which allows you to change the camera's directional vector.
RotateCamera which allows you to change your camera's direction based on a set of degrees.
CameraLookAt which changes the camera's direction to look at a specific point.
What more could you want?
EDIT:
I see where you might have gotten confused. CameraDirectionX just returns the X portion of the vector. You need to use CameraDirectionY and CameraDirectionZ (like in the little example I showed above) in order to get the complete vector.S.T. wrote: CameraDirectionX(0) is a vector not a number.
-
mpz
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Re: Camera Orientation
Hi S.T.,
it is not so much complicate. We get the Webside with
http://www.intmath.com/vectors/7-vector ... -space.php
Here you have the vector P(2,3,5). That mean you have
P0(0,0,0) and P1(2,3,5)
Now you can use
MoveCamera(#Kamera,2,3,5,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(#Kamera, 0, 0, 0)
for the camera and the movement in the vector direction is
MoveCamera (#Kamera,x,y,z) ; The relative movement
if you want to have the camera in another place of the world you can also use the CameraDirection() comand
you need the normal of the vector and a point in the world
and with
can you move the camera.
Here a little example (thank applePi for the first demo code)
greetings Michael
it is not so much complicate. We get the Webside with
http://www.intmath.com/vectors/7-vector ... -space.php
Here you have the vector P(2,3,5). That mean you have
P0(0,0,0) and P1(2,3,5)
Now you can use
MoveCamera(#Kamera,2,3,5,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(#Kamera, 0, 0, 0)
for the camera and the movement in the vector direction is
MoveCamera (#Kamera,x,y,z) ; The relative movement
if you want to have the camera in another place of the world you can also use the CameraDirection() comand
you need the normal of the vector and a point in the world
Code: Select all
Structure Vector3
x.f
y.f
z.f
EndStructure
Procedure Normalize(*V.Vector3)
Define.f magSq, oneOverMag
magSq = *V\x * *V\x + *V\y * *V\y + *V\z * *V\z
If magsq > 0
oneOverMag = 1.0 / Sqr(magSq)
*V\x * oneOverMag
*V\y * oneOverMag
*V\z * oneOverMag
EndIf
EndProcedure
CamVec.Vector3 ; My camera vector
CamVec\x = 2
CamVec\y = 3
CamVec\z = 5
; CamVec\x = -2 ; other direction
; CamVec\y = -3 ; other direction
; CamVec\z = -5 ; other direction
MoveCamera(#Kamera,23,5,8,#PB_Absolute) ; a absolute point in the world
CameraDirection(#Kamera, CamVec\x, CamVec\y, CamVec\z)
Code: Select all
MoveCamera (#Kamera,x,y,z) ; The relative movement
Here a little example (thank applePi for the first demo code)
greetings Michael
Code: Select all
Macro Text3D(No, Texte, Color, Alignment)
CreateText3D(No, Texte)
Text3DColor(No, Color)
Text3DAlignment(No, Alignment)
EndMacro
Declare DrawCoordinates()
Global.s text
#CameraSpeed = 1
#Moveandlook = 1
Enumeration
#Kamera
#mesh
#tex
#light
#camera
#wait
EndEnumeration
Structure Vector3
x.f
y.f
z.f
EndStructure
Procedure Normalize(*V.Vector3)
Define.f magSq, oneOverMag
magSq = *V\x * *V\x + *V\y * *V\y + *V\z * *V\z
If magsq > 0
oneOverMag = 1.0 / Sqr(magSq)
*V\x * oneOverMag
*V\y * oneOverMag
*V\z * oneOverMag
EndIf
EndProcedure
InitEngine3D()
InitSprite()
InitKeyboard()
InitMouse()
ExamineDesktops()
OpenWindow(0, 0, 0, DesktopWidth(0), DesktopHeight(0), "3D Camera research, .... change camera view using keys 1/2")
OpenWindowedScreen(WindowID(0), 0, 0, DesktopWidth(0), DesktopHeight(0), 0, 0, 0, #PB_Screen_SmartSynchronization)
Add3DArchive(".", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/Textures", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/fonts", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Add3DArchive(#PB_Compiler_Home + "Examples/3D/Data/Scripts", #PB_3DArchive_FileSystem)
Parse3DScripts()
KeyboardMode(#PB_Keyboard_AllowSystemKeys)
CreateMaterial(100, LoadTexture(100, "Wood.jpg"))
;Room() ; call the room building
;Create Light
CreateLight(0,RGB(245,245,205),19,13,0)
;Create Camera
CreateCamera(#Kamera,0,0,100,100)
CameraFOV(#Kamera, 45)
If #Moveandlook = 1
MoveCamera(#Kamera,2,3,5,#PB_Absolute)
CameraLookAt(#Kamera, 0, 0, 0)
Else
MoveCamera(#Kamera,2,3,5,#PB_Absolute)
CamVec.Vector3
CamVec\x = -2
CamVec\y = -3
CamVec\z = -5
Normalize(CamVec)
CameraDirection(#Kamera, CamVec\x, CamVec\y, CamVec\z)
EndIf
AmbientColor(RGB(255,255,255))
temp=1
DrawCoordinates() ; draw X,Y,Z lines
Repeat
WindowEvent()
ShowCursor_(0)
; Use arrow keys and mouse to rotate and fly in/out
ExamineKeyboard()
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Left)
KeyX.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Right)
KeyX.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyX.f = 0
EndIf
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Up)
KeyY.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Down)
KeyY.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyY.f = 0
EndIf
If KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_PageUp)
KeyZ.f = -#CameraSpeed
ElseIf KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_PageDown)
KeyZ.f = #CameraSpeed
Else
KeyZ.f = 0
EndIf
MoveCamera (#Kamera,Keyx,KeyZ,Keyy)
RenderWorld()
FlipBuffers()
Until KeyboardPushed(#PB_Key_Escape) Or WindowEvent() = #PB_Event_CloseWindow
Procedure Room()
;Create Red Wall
CreateTexture(1,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(1))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(205,0,0))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(1,TextureID(1))
MaterialCullingMode(1, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(100,1)
CreateEntity(100,MeshID(100),MaterialID(1),-19,0,0)
ScaleEntity(100,1,33,32)
;Create Green Wall
CreateTexture(2,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(2))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(0,205,0))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(2,TextureID(2))
MaterialCullingMode(2, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(101,1)
CreateEntity(101,MeshID(101),MaterialID(2),19,0,0)
ScaleEntity(101,1,33,32)
;Create Back Wall
CreateTexture(3,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(3))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(250,250,250))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(3,TextureID(3))
MaterialCullingMode(3, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(102,1)
CreateEntity(102,MeshID(102),MaterialID(3),0,0,-16)
ScaleEntity(102,36.5,32,1)
;Create Floor
CreateTexture(5,32,32)
StartDrawing(TextureOutput(5))
Box(0,0,32,32,RGB(250,250,200))
StopDrawing()
CreateMaterial(5,TextureID(5))
MaterialCullingMode(5, #PB_Material_NoCulling)
CreateCube(104,1)
CreateEntity(104,MeshID(104),MaterialID(5),0,-16,0)
ScaleEntity(104,36.5,1,32)
EndProcedure
Procedure DrawCoordinates()
CreateLine3D(100, -100, 0, 0, RGB(0,255,0), 100, 0, 0, RGB(0,255,0))
CreateLine3D(101, 0, -100, 0, RGB(0,0,255), 0, 100, 0, RGB(0,0,255))
CreateLine3D(102, 0, 0, 100, RGB(255,0,0), 0, 0, -100, RGB(255,0,0))
Text3D(100, "X", RGBA(255, 20, 250, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(100, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(100, 17, 0, 0)
Text3D(101, "Y", RGBA(0, 255, 255, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(101, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(101, 0, 15, 0)
Text3D(102, "Z", RGBA(255, 0, 0, 255), #PB_Text3D_HorizontallyCentered | #PB_Text3D_VerticallyCentered)
ScaleText3D(102, 5, 5, 0)
MoveText3D(102, 0, 0, 60)
EndProcedureWorking on - MP3D Library - PB 5.73 version ready for download